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PEOPLE AND THE ENVIRONMENT 

An eco-footprint is a measurement of the total amount of the earth's natural resources needed to support the way in which you live. For example, it estimates the land required to produce everything you consume, as well as the area A__________. It also calculates the size of forest required to absorb the carbon dioxide emissions from your car or from the plane that took you on holiday. 

A new European Environment Agency study has identified the UK as one of the nations using more resources per person B__________. At an enormous 5.3 global hectares per person (about the size of six football pitches), the average UK eco-footprint is not much higher than the European average. But C__________, we would need not one but three planets. 

The good news is that children in the UK are starting to apply eco 'pester power' — trying to persuade their parents D__________.  Ann McGarry, an education officer who runs a course called 'Educating with the Eco-footprint', has seen a dramatic increase in the number of young people E__________. 'The eco-footprint is a useful educational tool for showing where we make a big impact,' she says. 'The UK global footprint is approximately 20 global hectares per average family. Wealthier areas tend to have bigger footprints.' 

Parents who are being put under pressure by their children can turn to eco-footprint calculators for help. Answering 16 straightforward questions on www.myfootprint.org will calculate your footprint F__________. The questions relate to the size, location and energy efficiency of your home, your household size and car miles travelled each week, as well as air travel and weekly household waste. You are also asked whether you recycle, buy heavily packaged goods and eat meat or processed foods. 

1. if everyone lived like that
2. wanting to know more about their family's impact on the environment
3. or reduce the size of an eco-footprint more quickly
4. than can be produced within its own borders
5. and compare it with the worldwide average of 1.5 global hectares
6. to do something about their effect on the environment
7. that is used to dispose of your rubbish

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"Tune In, Turn On, and Drop Out" was the motto of the hippie movement that grew partially out of young America's disillusionment with the Vietnam War. Hippies were mainly white teenagers and young adults A_______________________.

The immediate precursor to the hippies was the so-called Beat Generation of the late 1950s. But where the intellectual beats tended to stay out of politics, the hippies were known as much for their political outspokenness B_______________________. Their opposition to the Vietnam War became one of the most significant aspects of the growing antiwar movement throughout the latter half of the 1960s.

To express their protests, and to "turn on" others, the hippies used art, street theatre and particularly music. This culture reached its peak in the summer of 1967, when a concert in San Francisco's Golden Gate Park introduced the music of the hippies to a wider audience. The concert inspired thousands of young people around the country to head to San Francisco, C_______________________.

In the 60's, hippies sought to free themselves from societal restrictions, choose their own way and find new meaning in life. This made hippies instantly recognizable to one another and served D_______________________.

Hippies often chose brightly coloured clothing. Much of hippie clothing was self-made, and hippies often purchased their clothes from flea markets and second-hand shops. Natural and foreign accessories for both men and women included Native Amer­ican jewellery, headbands and long beaded necklaces. Tie-dyeing was very fashionable E_______________________.

Hippie culture spread worldwide through a fusion of rock music, folk and blues. It also found expression in literature, fashion, and the visual arts, F_______________________.

Eventually the hippie movement extended far beyond the United States, the United Kingdom, Europe, and appeared in Australia, Canada, New Zealand, Japan, Brazil and many other countries.

1. which were against the war and the government
2. who shared distrust towards traditional values and authority
3. some wearing flowers in their hair
4. including film, posters and album covers
5. as part of hippie style and still is today
6. as a visual symbol of their willingness to question authority
7. as for their long hair and colourful clothing

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Hemingway in Cuba

History and Cuba go hand in hand. About 16 kilometres east of Havana, Cuba’s capital, lies the small town of San Francisco de Paula, A_______________________ located. It was the part-time residence of Ernest Hemingway for 20 years. He lived there between 1939 and 1959, B_______________________ during that period.

Upon Hemingway’s death, Finca La Vigia was turned into a museum – the museum of Ernest Hemingway. The house remains as Hemingway left it, with more than 8,000 books on display, as well as artwork, hunting trophies, the author’s typewriter, and other personal belongings. Visitors are not allowed inside, but it is possible to peek in through the windows, C_______________________ during rainy weather. One can also wander through the garden to see Hemingway’s fishing boat, Pilar, D_______________________. The garden is also home to a pet cemetery, the final resting place for some of his beloved cats.

Hemingway fans should also visit the small fishing village of Cojimar, about 20 minutes east of Havana by taxi. During the 1950s, Hemingway visited Cojimar often E_______________________, The Old Man and the Sea. He also kept his fishing boat, Pilar, there, and could often be seen socialising with locals in the streets of the village.

These days, tourists come to the village to visit the square named in his honour F_______________________. Perhaps inspired by Hemingway’s legacy, many artists from Havana and other parts of Cuba are drawn there.

1. despite all the troubles in Cuba
2. unless the house is closed up
3. where Hemingway was brought up
4. where the estate of Finca La Vigia is
5. and made it the setting for his novel
6. which he had kept in the local village
7. and see the statue of the famous writer

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The symbol of Paris

The Eiffel Tower never fails to impress being an object of disagreement, desire and fascination. It was the tallest tower in the world at the time of its construction and has been imitated in various places around the world. Overtaken in height by today's great towers, it nevertheless, remains unique.

The Eiffel Tower was a symbol of technological progress at the end of the 19th century. Moreover, it was a demonstration of French engineering personified by Gustave Eiffel, A__________.

The Eiffel Tower was intended to last for 20 years only, but it was saved by the scientific experiments, B__________, followed by telecommunications. For example, the Eiffel Tower served C__________. It transmitted the first public radio programme in 1925, and then broadcast television more recently.

Today, the Eiffel Tower is a mythical and audacious site, D__________ entertainers. It is the stage for numerous events of international significance, such E__________, the tower's centenary, repainting campaigns and sparkling lights. Almost 300 million visitors regardless of age or origin have come from all over the planet to see it since its opening in 1889.

The symbol of Paris and of France, the Eiffel Tower is one of the best known monuments in the world, and the one F__________.

1. as a military radio post in 1903
2. which has always inspired artists and
3. and a great monument of the industrial era
4. whose silhouette has been most depicted
5. which offer a panoramic view of the capital
6. as light shows, the Year 2000 pyrotechnic show
7. and in particular by the first radio transmissions 

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Beautiful cities of Italy

The political and cultural centre of Italy is the ‘Eternal City’, Rome. Ever since the Roman Empire, as its capital, Rome has become famous as a centre of European culture. The most striking sights of Rome are, of course, the Colosseum and the Forum. Once the Colosseum was able to receive about 50 thousand spectators, A __________ and concert halls. The Pantheon, the old temple of all gods, B__________, is also located in Rome.

The second most important town in Italy is Milan. Milan is the capital of fashion and C__________, exhibitions and conferences. The main attraction of Milan is its Cathedral Square, where the monument to the King Victor Emmanuel II is installed. Theatre fans will not be left disappointed by visiting the Theatre of La Scala.

The most popular city among tourists is Venice. The city is unique because it has more than 120 islands, D__________ and 400 bridges. Venice has been known for more than fifteen hundred years, and for E__________. The main area of the city is Saint Mark’s Square with the Cathedral of San Marco. One of the most beautiful buildings in Venice is the Palace of Doges. The other famous attraction is the Grand Canal F__________.

In addition to this, there are such beautiful cities in Italy as Naples, Turin, Florence, Genoa, Pisa and the islands of Sardinia and Sicily. All of them are outstanding places to visit.

1. that is the largest in Venice
2. the venue for major international festivals
3. which was built in the early I century
4. that everyone is dreaming about this trip
5. which are connected by more than 150 canals
6. that time it produced a lot of attractions
7. which is comparable with modern stadiums

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Arizona’s world class cruise

Spectacular Canyon Lake is situated in the heart of the Superstition Mountains in Arizona, giving home to the Dolly Steamboat. The Dolly Steamboat, A__________, now cruises the secluded inner waterways of this beautiful lake. It is worth exploring this favourite destination of President Theodore Roosevelt who declared, «The Apache Trail and surrounding area combines the grandeur of the Alps, the glory of the Rockies, the magnificence of the Grand Canyon and then adds something B__________.» You will marvel as you travel up to the national forest, which provides the most inspiring and beautiful panorama C__________. Every trip brings new discoveries of rock formations, geological history, and the flora and fauna distinct to the deserts of Arizona.

Once aboard the Dolly Steamboat, you may view the majestic desert big horn sheep, bald eagles and a host bird of other wildlife, water fowl, D__________. Experience the unique sound harmony that is created by the waters of Canyon Lake. Stretch out and relax at one of the tables or stand next to the railings on the deck. There is plenty of leg room on the Dolly. You will get a unique chance to listen to the captain E__________.

All the passengers are treated with outstanding service and personal attention to every need. Feel free to ask questions, move about and mingle with the crew. So enjoy an unforgettable vacation cruise and see F__________, like a ride on Arizona’s Dolly Steamboat.

1. hovering over the magnificent lake
2. for yourself why there is nothing quite
3. that none of the others have
4. who pays much attention to children’s safety⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠
5. continuing a tradition of cruising since 1925
6. that nature has ever created in the wild
7. who retells the legends of the mysterious past

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Это не простое задание 11. Это аутентичная статья про моду. Наслаждайтесь:)
 

REASONS WHY FASHION IS IMPORTANT IN OUR LIFE

We all have heard, "the first impression is the last impression" and despite the controversies surrounding we all tend to follow it. The first 5-8 seconds of screening any person may help us A __________. The way you wear outfits, accessories, jewellery and carry yourself B __________ creating a lasting impact. Fashion not just makes you be sure of yourself but also helps you show yourself as something or someone you wish for yourself.

Art is the essence of life and it helps in the creative expression of self. The more we create art in our appearance C __________. All the things that we put on with a certain amount of creativity make for a great fashion statement. Art is all about finding your peace and inner strength. The way you dress speaks D __________ and love for art.

You may not be a fashion designer to be creative. Mix and match, picking designer outfits and wearing things with a certain accessory or jewellery are what brings out our creativity. Creativity in itself is a by-product of inspiration. the drive that gets us going for a particular form of an or expression. Fashion also helps in E __________. The more you feel right about an the more you wear it as fashion thus boosting your confidence. There are immense benefits of fashion as they help in self-actualization accomplishment for you. Whatever you wear defines you and makes you comfortable.

Fashion has become the most important part of the entertainment industry. Everything that happens in the tabloid world is all about fashion and this fashion drives us all towards the fun. Every movie, TV show or post we see is all about fashion thus F __________. Most of the fashion is a result of our belief, culture and tradition. It also brings out history and old belief too. All forms of art G __________ help in defining fashion and its current trends.

1. like music, dance, paint and atchitecture
2. it has the capability to drive the world
3. is very important in
4. the more fashion it becomes
5. about your fine taste
6. giving you insights to explore your creative self
7. decide whether or not we would connect with them
 

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Natural wonder

The Great Barrier Reef on the World Heritage List is Australia's top tourism treasure. It stretches from the northern tip of Queensland south to the coastal town of Bundaberg. The Great Barrier Reef is the planet's largest coral reef system A__________. Not only is it made up of hard and soft corals, but also sponges, fish, sea turtles, and other organisms. This complex of reefs, islands, seagrass beds, and corals is so vast B__________.

Experiencing the Great Barrier Reef is a top Australian outdoor adventure, C__________. Among the most popular things to do are scuba diving D__________. One can try sailing around idyllic tropical islands and fishing in special zones. Soaring over this magnificent natural wonder on a scenic flight is also popular.

Thanks to its vast size, tourists can access the Great Barrier Reef from various points along the Queensland coast.

This magnificent spectacle is a must-see sight. Climate change is one of the biggest threats to the Great Barrier Reef. Climate change causes large-scale coral die-off, especially along the reef's far northern stretches, E__________ as soon as they can. The Australian and Queensland Government introduced a long-term sustainability plan to help combat the effects of climate change and pollution, F__________ for future generations.

1. and tourists can find plenty of ways to enjoy it
2. and comprises one of its richest ecosystems
3. so tourists are advised to see this natural wonder
4. that they had to be protected by the government
5. and snorkelling along the shimmering coral reefs
6. but more action is needed to conserve this resource
7. that it's the only living structure visible from space

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The Seven Sisters

After the Second World War, officials in the Soviet Union embarked on a building frenzy to add a grand architectural style to Moscow’s skyline. As put by Joseph Stalin, the country’s leader who had led the nation during the war, the Soviet Union was victorious, A________.

The Seven Sisters are a collection of seven buildings that Stalin commissioned to be built between 1947 and 1953. His thinking was to have skyscrapers just like existed in Western cities such as New York and London. It was a matter of prestige for the Soviet nation, he felt, В________.

The idea for the first ever Moscow skyscraper had actually come before the Second World War. The building, the Palace of the Soviets, was never completed. Construction began in 1937, but the German invasion in 1941 halted work С_______ .

Each of the Seven Sisters has a large base of several floors, with the base size varying from one building to the next. The upper floors are much less wide than the base, D_______ . The building designs are both elegant and imposing.

The buildings served various purposes, which have not changed since their erection. Some are hotels, such as the Hotel Ukraina, E________. When it opened in 1957, it was the world’s tallest hotel building. Other buildings house government ministries, such as the Ministry of Foreign Affairs for the Russian Federation.

Strangely, the term ‘Seven Sisters’ is not used by Russians. Rather, they call the buildings ‘Stalinskie Vysotki’, or ‘Stalin’s skyscrapers’. The style was replicated in former USSR and Eastern Bloc countries F________, places that were influenced by Stalinist architecture.

1. and the building materials were removed and used for military defence
2. with the focus on creating the greatest buildings known to man
3. and can be seen in Kiev, Warsaw and Bucharest
4. and it was one of his missions to make that a reality
5. yet its capital had nothing to show for it
6. with the top consisting of a tower which narrows to a point
7. which has since been renamed the Radisson Royal Hotel

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Do jellyfish sleep?

Worms and fish do it. Birds and bees do it. But do jellyfish fall asleep?

It was after midnight A__________ where the jellyfish were kept. They left the lights off and walked through the room by the glow of their cellphones. The students did not tell anyone that they were doing this. The secret they were keeping was a "totally crazy" experiment aimed at finding out whether jellyfish sleep.

A few weeks before, B__________ whether jellyfish needed to sleep. "Of course not," said one of them. "Sleep helps C__________. Jellyfish are so simple they don't even have brains. How could they possibly share the need to sleep?" The others weren't so sure, but they wanted to find out.

The three students designed an experiment to test different behaviors and see if the jellyfish were asleep. They watched the animals to see how they moved, and D__________ when they were resting. It turned out that the jellyfish moved about 30 percent less at night. It was also harder to get their attention.

Months of late-night studying led to amazing results. Young scientists reported E__________ sleeplike behavior. This made it the first animal without a brain known to do so. The results suggest F__________ life, as the jellyfish group of animals first arose about 700 million years ago, and has stuck with us ever since. 

1. how talkative they were in a situation close to
2. that sleep evolved early in the history of animal
3. that the upside-down jellyfish Cassiopea showed
4. strengthen memory and keep the brain healthy
5. the students were having coffee and started debating
6. when three science students crept into the lab
7. if they could get the jellies' attention 
 

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Travelling routes

Travelling through Europe has long been popular destination for people of all ages, from students and couples, to families and retirees. The breadth of possible vacations in Europe is enormous, from countless destinations A__________. Among the most popular countries in Europe for travellers are France, Italy, Spain Germany, Greece, and Portugal, B__________ and cruise ships.

There are many ways to see Europe. Trains are a very convenient way of seeing many of the countries, with an extensive rail system connecting countries, major cities and small towns. Ferries and cruise ships are popular along the Mediterranean Sea and also in some of the northern regions, such as the Baltics and Scandinavian countries. Those C__________ may choose to rent a car to travel aroun on their own.

Europe is a year-round destination. The months of July and August are by far the busiest, when Europeans take holidays and travellers from around the world come to enjoy the fine weather. The coastal areas are filled with people D__________. One only needs to take a drive along the coast during these months to fully appreciate this fact. The spring and fall are great times for those looking E__________ without the full intensity of the summer heat. Winter is definitely slower time of year for travellers but the mountains F__________, draw the winter sports enthusiasts.

1. to sightsee and explore the ancient sites
2. who are trying to escape the summer heat
3. who want more freedom and independence
4. which offer world-class skiing facilities
5. to winter sports facilities and equipment
6. which are often on the itinerary of tour groups
7. to all kinds of different ways of exploring them 

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From soup to liquid

The story of tea drinking could have started like this. Once upon a time the world was A__________ and those who drank it. Yet, the harsh truth is that before 700s no one even thought that tea could be anything else but soup.

Sometime in his adolescence, an up-and-coming writer and an accomplished clown, Lu Yu tasted tea soup for the first tint happened in one of the Buddhist monasteries in Central China. Lu was B__________ as it contained ginger, onion, dates, mint and even citrus peels. shed together into a smooth paste this 'sauce' was thought to be good for C__________. In fact, people in Asia ate tea leaves for millennia, but it was Lu Yu who made tea drinking the norm.

Lu Yu adored tea, but he preferred it brewed from D__________. When he was not busy writing or performing in a comedy troupe, he was searching through the forests for the best tea leaves. He was preparing E__________ transforming tea from a soupy food into the perfect liquid we know it today. Lu Yu even wrote a book titled the Tea Classic which spurred a craze for the leaf. In it he elaborated on the production and preparation of the leaf, F__________, and the wonderful qualities of the drink. He insisted that tea should only be consumed with water. 

1. extremely close to brewing fresh tea
2. the process of infusing tea leaves
3. divided between those who ate tea
4. the best brews for his wealthy friends
5. more than unimpressed with the brew
6. sharpening the mind and stimulating the body
7. powdered tea leaves, without any flavouring 

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Russian souvenirs

Russia is famous for its diversity, as well as its hospitality. The best way to show Russia to someone is to bring home something special. Matryoshka and balalaika are quite stereotypical presents. There are many other goods A__________.

Woolen shawls have always been popular in Russia because of cold winters. The shawls made in Pavlovsky Posad, B__________, are considered to be a traditional Russian gift. Woolen shawls and scarves have been made there since 1795. A wide shawl with a beautiful original pattern on it may be used like a blanket. It is nice to cover oneself up with it sitting in the armchair, watching a movie, C__________. The Pavlovsky Posad manufacture produces scarves for men as well. They can be bought through the Internet, or in brand stores, D__________.   

Belyovskaya pastila is a souvenir E__________. It has been made since the 19th century in the town of Belyov near Tula. This is a very special kind of Russian confection. Though it is called "pastila", it is not a marshmallow style delicacy. Belyovskaya pastila is made of dried apples. After they have been dried, they are mixed with egg whites and sugar and whipped. Belyovskaya pastila is similar to a cake, F__________ of apples. It is considered to be a natural product, and it is not of average price. Tourists can buy this kind of sweet at some confectioner's shops throughout Moscow. 

1. that one may buy in Moscow as a souvenir
2. which are situated in the centre of Moscow
3. that pleases the people with a sweet tooth
4. although it has a slightly sour taste
5. which is a town not very far from Moscow
6. riding a bike around the villages in Russia
7. reading a book, or drinking coffee or tea 

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Hermitage Museum

One of Russia's crowning achievements is the Hermitage Museum, a complex of large and impressive neoclassical buildings located in St Petersburg. The museum was created in 1764 by Catherine the Great and it contains over 3 million items A__________.  

As well as housing the Hermitage Museum, the imperial family of Russia made their home on the complex, in the Winter Palace, from 1732 to 1917. It was from this location that the emperors of Russia ruled over lands B__________.  

The museum's massive collection of paintings was started by Catherine the Great, when she purchased either 225 or 317 paintings (sources do not agree) from a merchant in Germany C__________. The paintings included works by Rembrandt, Rubens, van Dyck and Raphael. 

The operation of the museum during its early years consisted of hundreds of people employed by the Russian monarchy. The complex was also the location of several important events and festivals held by the Russian royal family D__________. Together with the large collection of art, the complex became a symbol of Russian pride. 

The ownership of the Hermitage Museum, its contents and its buildings passed to the Soviet Union after the Russian Revolution of 1917. While some of its possessions were sold secretly, most of the collection remained intact E__________. Many works were shipped off for protection during the Second World War. 

In the 1990s it was revealed that the Hermitage Museum held collections from Germany that had been confiscated by the Red Army They are an important collection of French Impressionist and post-Impressionist artwork F__________. In 1995 they were displayed for the first time since the war ended. 

1. who had compiled a collection initially intended for the king of Prussia
2. and attended by the various nobility of the country
3. including the largest number of paintings of any museum in the world
4. who managed to hide much of the art from invading armies
5. originating from private collections taken during the war
6. and the Soviet government maintained the complex m a public museum
7. that spanned almost one sixth of the Earth's surface area

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The Pantheon

Built more than 1800 years ago, the magnificent Pantheon still stands as s reminder of the great Roman Empire. The name "Pantheon" refers to the building's original function as a temple for all gods.

With its thick brick walls and large marble columns, the Pantheon makes an immediate impression on visitors. But the most remarkable part of the building is its dome. It was the largest dome in the world until 1436, A__________. At the top of the dome is a large opening, the oculus, B__________. The front portico has three rows of columns: the first row has eight columns C__________. A huge bronze door gives access to the cylindrical building. Its diameter equals the interior height of 43.3 metres.

The portico's sixteen huge columns were extracted in Egypt. They were transported all the way to Rome using barges and vessels. The columns, each one with a diameter of 1.5 meters, support a pediment with an inscription attributing the Pantheon to Marcus Agrippa D__________.  

The most important problem E__________ of the Pantheon was the massive weight of the large dome. In order to support it without proper reinforcement as is common today, the thickness of the walls was gradually decreased F__________ respectively during its construction. Asa result, the Pantheon still boasts the world's largest unreinforced solid concrete dome.

1. which was the only source of light
2. while the other two have four each
3. when the Pantheon was constructed
4. even though it was built by Hadrian
5. as the height of the building increased
6. when the Florence Cathedral was constructed
7. that the Romans faced during the construction

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The Church of the Savior on Spilled Blood

The magnificent Church of the Savior on Spilled Blood is one of St. Petersburg's most memorable landmarks. The church, A__________ is decorated in a classical Russian style with colourful domes and glazed tiles.

The Church of the Savior on Spilled Blood was built to honour Emperor Alexander II of Russia, who was assassinated at the site B__________, hence the reference to "spilled blood". Funding for this amazing structure was almost totally provided by the Imperial family with other donations from some individuals.

The architecture of the church varies greatly from other buildings and religious structures in St. Petersburg, C__________ and neo-Classical styles. The building, both inside and outside, features about 7,000 square metres of mosaics. Most of them were designed by the prominent artists of the time, including V. Vasnetsov, M. Nesterov and M. Vrubel. The majority of the mosaics depict biblical scenes D__________.  Bright enamels cover the colourful onion domes of the church.

During World War II, the church suffered great damage and afterwards was used for many years E__________. In 1970, St. Isaac's Cathedral assumed management of the church, and funds gathered for the cathedral were used F__________.  Restoration was finally completed in 1997. Nowadays the church remains one of St. Petersburg's top tourist attractions. 

1. where the church is located now
2. though some of them are simple designs
3. which were built by the best engineers
4. as storage space for a local opera company
5. which was built at the end of the 19th century
6. which were largely constructed in the Baroque
7. to restore the Church of the Savior on Spilled Blood

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The Bronze Horseman

Saint Petersburg was founded in 1703 by Tsar Peter the Great. During the following two centuries, A__________  the city quickly developed into the world's cultural centre. Despite numerous monumental buildings, the city has an unmistakable charm thanks to its channels, bridges and statues, B__________.  

The statue of Peter the Great, known as the Bronze Horseman, is a tribute to the founder of St. Petersburg. The monument is one of the most famous symbols of the city. The impressive statue depicts the founder of St. Petersburg C__________  guiding his country towards the future.

The pedestal of the statue resembles a cliff D__________  of red granite. It took nine months to transport it from the Gulf of Finland. An inscription on the side of the pedestal says "to Peter the First from Catherine the Second" in Latin and Russian.

Peter and his horse, E__________ sit atop the cliff, facing the west. It is said that the founder of the city faces the west because the countries of the West were his source of inspiration for ideas to reform Old Russia. A snake, symbol of treason, is trampled by the horse. As long F__________, the legend says, enemy forces will never overtake St. Petersburg. That legend led government officials to protect the statue during World War II with sandbags and a wooden structure surrounding it The statue survived through the war with barely a scratch. 

1. which is rearing up on its hind legs
2. as a quite determined absolute leader
3. and is made from one huge, solid piece
4. which give St. Petersburg romantic flair
5. when St. Petersburg was the capital of Russia
6. when channel cruises are so popular with tourists
7. as the statue keeps its location in Senatskaya Square 
 

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On 25 October 1881, a little boy was born in Malaga, Spain. It was a difficult birth and to help him breathe, cigar smoke was blown into his nose! But despite being the youngest ever smoker, this baby grew up to be one of the 20th century's greatest painters — Pablo Picasso.

Picasso showed his truly exceptional talent from a very young age. His first word was lapiz (Spanish for pencil) and he learned to draw before he could talk.

He was the only son in the family and very good-looking, A__________. He hated school and often refused to go unless his doting parents allowed him to take one of his father's pet pigeons with him!

Apart from pigeons, his great love was art, and when in 1891 his father, who was an amateur artist, got a job as a drawing teacher at a college, Pablo went with him to the college. He often watched his father painting and sometimes was allowed to help. One evening his father was painting a picture of their pigeons B__________. He returned to find that Pablo had completed the picture, and it was so amazingly beautiful and lifelike that he gave his son his own palette and brushes and never painted again. Pablo was just 13.

From then onwards there was no stopping him. Many people realized that he was a genius but he disappointed those C__________. He was always breaking the rules of artistic tradition and shocked the public with his strange and powerful pictures. He is probably best known for his 'Cubist' pictures, D__________. His paintings of people were often made up of triangles and squares with their features in the wrong place. His work changed our ideas about art E__________. Guernica, which he painted in 1937, records the bombing of that little Basque town during the Spanish Civil War, and is undoubtedly one of the masterpieces of modern painting. 

Picasso died of heart failure during an attack of influenza in 1973. The artist created over 6,000 paintings, drawings and sculptures. Today a 'Picasso' costs several million pounds, F__________.

1. which used only simple geometric shapes
2. so he was thoroughly spoilt
3. which is not surprising
4. that is why he was very hardworking
5. when he had to leave the room
6. who wanted him to become a traditional painter
7. that is why to millions of people modern art means the work of Picasso

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Kremlin in Izmailovo 

Almost every tourist who visited Moscow is familiar with the Kremlin, but only few of them know that there is another one located out of the mainstream tourist path. The Kremlin in Izmailovo was built A__________ with an imitation of the Russian architecture of the 18th century in mind. The territory of Izmailovo complex accommodates up to 5,000 people B__________. Great atmosphere, unique architecture and Russian crafts are all waiting for tourists there.

The Izmailovo Kremlin tour is the most relaxing way to experience authentic Moscow and taste traditional Russian food. There one can find Tsar's Palace, built in the same style as the summer palace of Tsar Alexey Mikhailovich, the Church of St Nicholas, C__________, museums, cafés, souvenir shops, etc.

The flea market gives a variety of Russian stuff to buy, D__________ to vintage jewelry, laces, books and records. Tourists can spend hours there E__________ as the choice is amazing. A visit to the Izmailovo flea market is like going to a museum because of endless rows of colourful unique items arid accessories of the past two centuries.

Tourists will learn about Russian historical events related to Izmailovo F__________ of the local Kremlin. A visit to the Museum of Folk Arts will help to get an insight into truly national crafts. 

1. looking for unusual Russian souvenirs
2. which were built in the old church tradition
3. on the days of major holidays and festivals
4. which is the highest wooden church in Russia
5. that affected a unique architectural appearance
6. as a cultural and entertainment complex in 2007
7. ranging from frames, samovars, coins and badges

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The Man Booker Prize for Fiction is awarded every year for the best original full-length novel written by a writer from the Commonwealth or the Republic of Ireland. It aims to represent the greatest in contemporary literature and promotes the finest in fiction by rewarding the best book of the year. The prize was originally called the Booker-McConnell Prize, A__________ However, it was better-known as simply the `Booker Prize'. In 2002, the Man Group became the sponsor and they chose the new name, keeping `Booker'.

Publishers can submit books for consideration for the prize, but the judges can also ask for books to be submitted B__________. Firstly, the Advisory Committee gives advice if there have been any changes to the rules for the prize. Then it selects the people C__________. The judging panel changes every year and usually a person is only a judge once.

Great efforts are made to ensure that the judging panel is balanced in terms of gender and professions within the industry. A writer, a critic, an editor and an academic are chosen along with a well-known person from wider society. However, when the panel of judges has been finalized, they are left to make their own decisions D__________. The Man Booker judges include critics, writers and academics E__________. The influence of the prize is so great that the winner will almost certainly see the considerable sales increase, in addition to the £50,000 F__________. In 1992, a Booker Russian Novel Prize was introduced. 

1. without any further interference from the prize sponsor
2. so as to maintain the consistent quality of the prize
3. who will judge the books
4. so as to sell them
5. which was the name of the company that sponsored it
6. that comes with the prize
7. they think should be included